fort monroe

Comb at

Tr ai n i n g

[

Center

(CMTC)

The way ahead

]

HP

□

AGENDA

NOE process

NOE and the

at CMTC Today

Complex Urbai
Environments

Local Population/COB

CMTC MEL
NOE process

Insurgents/Rebels

UAVs Fr end & F

NOE Genesis

NOE Defined

si

Dispersed Mobile Formations
Precision Fires (GPS/ISR)
Guerilla/Irregular/Para-Military (Ur|3ar
\Z\ IMI isr / UAV (Access to Space)

^ Q Sophisticated Amifijik Mines
H ® Aviation ITT!

Special Polic
rorist

at CMTC Tomorrow

Questions

Our Charter

AR 350-50

“The CTC Programs provide a
dedicated, realistic Opposing
Force that provides a thinking,
capabilities-based,
uncompromising opponent for the

iTOIOt'Charter

CG. USAREUR Guidance
CG. 7ATC Direction

"It isn't the strongest that survive
or even the most intelligent, it is
the species that is most adaptable

to change Darwin

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New Operational
Environment (NOE)

Defined

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*

OE Threat Characteristic

* Recognize the strengths and weaknesses of their
adversary

* Act adaptively by changing their established tactics,
techniques, and procedures to meet their goal

* A belief that the enemy has no sanctuary

* Not restrained by the same value systems and
beliefs.

* Dedicated, tough, and willing to sacrifice to achieve
goals

* May have a different perspectives, and criteria for
victory

* Politically astute, unaffected by unpopular
international opinion

e Operational Environme

Charactei st cs

* Complex & Urban Terrain *

* Civilian Population

& Local Authorities

* Media

* NGOs/IOs

* Trans-national Groups

* Coalition Forces

* Criminal Gangs

* Mafia

* Terrorists

Threat Military Forces

Conventional Enemy
Forces

Unconventional Warfare
Forces/

Special Opns Forces
Special Police Forces
Paramilitary Groups
Irregular Forces

* Rebels

* Hostile Local Nationals

Threat Doctrine

TACTICS

TRADOC DC SI NT Threat Support Directorate

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited.

UNCONVENTIONAL OPERATIONS

TRADOC DCSINT Threat Support Directorate

DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution unlirrated.

New Drafts (FM 2-100 series ) Due

February 2001

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Graduated Threat

CMTC is configured for the full spectrum of conflict

Intensity

HIC PSO/SASO

/XVWWVN .

/ / wwvw\ \

ission

Rotations are configured IAW with CG, 7ATC guidance
and Division CDRs Intent to include this full
spectrum.

OE Training Objective

* Exercise C3 in the New Operational Environment

* Protect the Force

* Provide Safe and Secure Environment

* Integrate & Synchronize BOS in the NOE

* Apply Rules of Engagement

* Maintain Situational Awareness

* Execute Civil-Military Operations

* Conduct Information Operations (Media)

* Respond with a Quick Reaction Force

* Respond to Heightened Activities

* Evacuate Casualties

* Operate Checkpoints

CMTC Complexities

• Political

- Sowenia National Gov't

- Vilslakian National Gov't

• Ethnic Groups

- Sowenians

- Vilslakians

• Threat Military

- Vilslakian National Army
(VNA)

- Special Forces (VSOF)

• Para-Military

- Vilslakian Militia (VM)

- Special Police Forces

• NATO/Allied

- Sowenia Armed Forces
(SAF)

• Local Population

- City Officials

- Police Officials

- Clergy

- Protest Leaders

- Press Reporters

• International

- NGOs

- Red Cross

- Doctors w/o Borders

reats on

Vilslakian Militia
(VM)

• Automatic Weapons

• Heavy Machine Guns

• RPGs

• Should fired SAMs

• Man-packed ATGMs

(VSOF)

• Automatic Weapons

• Heavy Machine Guns

• RPGs

• Should fired SAMs

• Man-packed ATGMs

• Specialized

f ^ ^ I ■ ts**. I ^ 4— I ^ ^

the Battlefie

Vilslakian National Army (VNA)

MRB

• T-80

• BMP2

• AT- 5

• Light Infantry

• GPS Jammers

MRR

• 2S1 BN (122mm)

• 2S19 BN (152mm)

• BM-21

• MTR (120mm)

• ZSU (ASET AAA)

• SA-16

• HOPLITEs

• UAVs

Present Capability

Future Capability

Countries

TEUTONIA

FREEDONIA

FRANKFUR

I , 1

>>

NURNBEJ

I Corps

VILSLAKIA

WURZBUR

G

WEIDE

4ft

SOWENI

JtEGENSBUR

PILSEN

SCHWARZBERG

^FRIEBURG

MUNCHEN

NOTE- The configuration of the Scenario Countries
may change based on rotational factors.

INNSBRUCK

Disputed

HOHENFELS

AREA

i ®1lil

Arnj ^-^ 0

r

s ]_ JURALAND $

PASSAU

RURITANIA

Scenario Countries

Disputed
^re

HOHENFELS

AREA

TEUTONIA

(E to W Rotation)

FREEDONIA

FRANKFURT

60

MID

URZBURG

I Corps

VILSLAKIA

IIII Arm

ULM

STUTTGART

WEIDEN

SOWENIA

REGENSBURG

JURALAND

XX

cenario

Countries Al

(E to W Rotation)

Force

[

Countries

(W to E Rot a t i on

]

FREEDONIA

RANKFUR

REGENSBUR

’ASSAUl

SCHWARZ BERG

TEUTONIA

Disputed

Zone

PILSEN

HOHENFELS

AREA

STUTTGART

MUNCHEN

JURALAND

FRIEBURG

NOTE- The configuration of the Scenario Countries
may change based on rotational factors.

INNSBRUCK

RURITANIA

Scenario Countries

OB Orientation

NURNBERG

(W to E Rotation)

FREEDONIA

PILSEN

Disputed

HOHENFELS

AREA

JURALAND

cenario Countries Al Force

(W to E Rotation)

in

Example
Mission "Box"

Kittensee

VM/Occupied

Village

Schwend

VM/VSOF

Strongpoi

nt

Ubunasdorf
VNA/VSOF HQ

VSOF

Strongpoint

DESCRIPTION

VILLAGES

Enslwang- VSOF
Schwend- VM/VSOF
Raversdorf- VM
Kittensee- VM
Ubungsdorf - HQ VNA

OBSTACLES
Point Minefields

STX Areas

Alpha South
Charlie South

L KING

PL QUEEN

PL DUKE

PL PRINCESS

UCHESS

LEGEND

# Village
H Obstacle
O STX Area

HAROH

L BARON

PL MARQUESS

PL EARL

Raversdorf

VM/Occupied

Village

Example

Demographics

International

Border

LI VI LI#4I^JtD UN

BATTLEFIELD

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r -:_ *

C/

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mm,

m ■

f

Am berg

Sowenian

Citizens

Raversdorf

Enslwang

Sowenian Citizens

Sowenian Citizens

•5 x Ethnic Sowenians

•15 x Ethnic Sowenians

•15 x Ethnic Vilslakians

1 x Mayor

1 x Mayor

1 x Police Chief

1 x Police Chief

•10 x Ethnic Vilslakians

•5 x Ethnic
Sowenians
•5 x Ethnic
Vilslakians

1 x Mayor

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Bodenwehr

Sowenian

Citizens

# ‘
ff

P=j

.. ^ '

v -

mi*

< r- . . \

-ci

Kittensee
Sowenian Citizens

•5 x Ethnic Sowenians
•10 x Ethnic Vilslakians
•6 x AMCIT (NEO) [1-4 IN]

. ■

, ■

*ip

i,

r. '■

•5 x Ethnic
Sowenians

Schwend

Sowenian Citizens

•10 x Ethnic Sowenians
•15 x Ethnic Vilslakians
1 x Mayor
1 x Police Chief

lf *UhOW'

iMiAI'-

URBAN AREA POPULATION FLUCTUATES BY

MICCIOM

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*u ■■ ■ ■ [ ■ r

k-'A

...

“Vfc

Ubungsdorf

Sowenian Citizens

•25 x Ethnic Sowenians
1 x Mayor
1 x Police Chief
1 x Protest Leader
•15 x Ethnic Vilslakians
1 x Protest Leader
•25 x AMCIT (NEO) [1-4
IN]

•3 x SAF LNOs [1-4 IN]

ncreased Resolutio

UBUNGSDORF

OV 114583

35% of Total CO

75% E-Soweniann C]t Administration
25% E-Vilslakian ^ il y ^unnms nation

Local Church

‘I

Police HQs

Burned Homes

Ethnic Soweman
Homes

Ethnic Vilslakian
Homes

Unoccupied

Local School

Key Role Players

* Mayor

* Police Chief

* E-Vil Protest Leader

* E-Sow Protest Leader

* 25 x AMCITZ

Paramilitary

Vilslakian National

Sowenian Military

Army

RECON Forces

a

Unauthorized

n

Police Forces

Any mix of civilian
clothing

Armed or Unarmed

Sowenian

Policeman

UNMIK

Any mix of BDUs
or civilian clothing

OPFOR Black BDUs

\ny mix of military

or civilian clothing

May be armed

*VSOF can were either Black or Tiger Stripe OPFOR BDUs*

Blue BDUs

Unarmed

Police

Blue BDU Pants
and White or
Blue Shirt

Example Story Lines

• Story Line #1 - Heightened Activity

- Leading into or away from High Intensity Conflict

• Story Line #2 - Safe and Secure
Environment

- Ethnic Aggression, Local Panic

- NGO Escort (Doctors w/o Borders)

- Mafia Terrorism

- Vilslakian Terrorism

- Biological Threat (Sickness in Raversdorf)

• Story Line #3 - Political / Governmental

- District and Local Sowenian Government

- Faction, Religious, Ethnic, Resistance Leaders

- National, International, Network Press

Level of Intensity

Occupy

TAA

Heightened Activity

SAFE and SECURE Environment

Refugees Refugees Ethnic
Flee Return Conflict

ATTACK DEFEND

MTC

Local Govt BIO

Mtg Threat Coverage

ATTACK DEFEND BDE ATTACK BDE MTC

Xl-2 X3-4 X5-6 X7-8 X9-10

X 1 1 -sL2*y Lind(jL3fel^htened Activity Story Line 2: Safe and Secure

Environment

Story Line 3: Political/Governmental

'SIGACT

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MEL

* Planned and synchronized in S3 Plans/S2

- Outcome is MEL Spreadsheet and Database

* Passed to DTOC during rotation hand over briefing

* 'Sticker Drilled' daily by DTOC and O/Cs

- Outcome is O/C Worksheet

* Branches and Sequels discussed on previous CBIs

- Outcome is executed as necessary with CG/COG
discretion

- Database pool of CBIs used for new events

* Key to success is O/C execution and feedback

INITIAL EVENT

ESCALATION

Refogees Fleeing

Local Officials Demand Mtg
Reporters Investigate
Refugee Dies
Refugees Riot

OPFOR Event Cancelled/Occurs
2BDE/1AD Command Involvement

Refugees Returning

Regugees Require Med Assistance

Refugees Ask for food

Refugees Provide Information

Refugees in MF

Locals Interfere with Occupation

Local Officials Demand Mtg
Locals Protest Against U.S. Army
Locals Riot
Larger P rotest
Reporters Investigate
Locals Support OPFOR (Information)
Locals Increase Interference
Locals Flee

OPFOR Event Cancelled/Occurs
2BDE/1AD Command Involvement

Locals Refuse to Leave

Locals Complain about Occupation

Locals Monitor Operations

Local Hunters In Area

Locals Collect Info for OP FOR

Locals Ask for P rotection

Locals Ask for Compensation

Locals Ask for Assistance

Locals Steal Items

Locals Provide Information

Local Ethnic Fighting

Local Officials Demand Meeting

Locals Protest Against Govt

NGO Brings food for Locals

Locals Die
Locals Riot
Reporters Investigate
2BDE/1AD Command Involvement

NGO Brings Medicine for Locals

INITIAL EVENT

ESCALATION

Local Reporters monitor incident

Hostile Reporter
Command Directed Interview

Foreign Reporters Interview

CNN Reporters Interview

Combat Reporters Monitor

Enemy Prisoners Of War

Enemy Deserters

Minefield Incidents

UXO Incidents

Mortar Attacks

Probes

Ambushes

Mounted Attacks

Dismounted Attack

Helicopter Recon

Helicopter Insertion

Helicopter Attack

Terrorist (HCOB)

Continued Harrassment

Biological Agent, Locals Sick

Squad / Pit gets Sick

NOE Validation Process

* Briefed at BUB

- Report results over past 48 hrs

- Approve / Validate CBIs for next 48
hrs

* Allows CG/COG to temper the
complexity of the

battlefield and / or alter the conditions

Bi«B q ggc^*o rasa infcB i nm \ bj bj rf i q bti d bub xi2 bob

Report XI

Report X2

Report X3

Report X5-]

Report X7 -

Report XI (K

Approve X4

Approve X5-

Approve X7-

ApproveX9->

Approve XI 2

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The Road

• Continued integration of those threats, which current
conventional forces cannot adequately defend against =
Asymmetric warfare .

* Build asymmetric theme into all rotational Intel products to
drive BLUFOR MDMP

* Permit more freedom of maneuver for 'Opportunity Based'
OPFOR with less emphasis on high intensity conflict

* Study/implement new TRADOC OPFOR doctrine when
published

* Expend all of our existing resources creatively with
'biggest bang for the buck' until additional resources
become available, as ID'd by TRADOC

Objective OPFOR

Armor

Artillery

1 1

Rockets

Radar:]

Mechanized

Air Defense

• Flexible tactical
organization

‘Manning dependent on
how many capabilities
OPFOR must replicate
concurrently

‘Does not include COB's,
NGO's, etc. These are

Recon UAVs

Attack UAVs

Fixed-wing

Rotary- wing

Other Forces

Paramilitaries

Special Police

Mercenaries

Regular Police

Electronic Warf i
Information Opnq
Elements

ir«

Military Elemen

Civilian Elemen

CMTC

Present Capability

Future Capability

OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT

* Complex/urban
terrain

* High tempo

• Media/NGO/PVO

* Humanitarian
issues

• Para-Military
Forces

• Asymmetry

» Trihal/pthnir

*High technology
'Fractured public
Institutions
*UN/coalition

THREAT FORCES

* Conventional/limited
unconventional

* Police and paramilitary

* Mechanized/combined arms
'Small

Arms/RPGs/ATG Ms/MAN PADS

* Long range
artillery/mortars/PGMs
■Mines

iWMD

'Increased lethality
•UAVs/advanced RSfTA
'Advanced CC&D/
Countermeasures
* Redundant C3

issues T/LEADER REQUIREMENTS

**NIb pari eft oar Eynent * Precision CM

"SRtweeifHiatection * Movement to contalc

unPatteintyna lysis * Attack

* Negotiation * Defend

* Inter-agency coordination Information Operat

* Isolate/control/destroy * Combined Arms

* Synchronization/simultaneity

* Flexible/adaptive

* RO E/restraint

THREAT METHODS OF OPERATION
Decentralized operations Defensive operations
Dispersed operations * Transition operations

* Night operations

* Distributed operations
one Force -oriented

* Sophisticated ambush

* Adaptive

* Creation of sanctuary

* Use of COB

Terrorist acts
Demonstrations

Deception Operations
Full spectrum IW
Long range attack

Required Resources:

• 2 Bn Mechanized Inf 1 Co Recon , . ‘ Arty/Mortar PGM

• 2 Co Recon(Equip)SATCOM

• 200 RPG * Digital data

• 27 MANPACKAT • Cell Phones

• 66 MANPAD • BN secure C3

• 4 LTD • UAV Section

* 1 Bn Tanks

* 1 Bn Engineer

• AT Bn

• AT Bn (Equip)

Advanced counter-fire4 Vehicle RSTA (tylS)
CC&D Pit (Arty/I FV/TamJtdvanced mines
Decoys) • Vehicle CM

FH/GPS jammer • New TTP/MTT

40 COB • TES upgrade

Media • 6 NLOS ATGM

Attack/Lift HelicoptefW computer attack

Characteristics of the
New Operational Environment

Threat Forces will move quickly from their established ends, ways and
means that are optimized for regional conflict against their neighbors.
Deception efforts will focus on portraying the established while executing
adaptively. The intent will be to conduct continuous, simultaneous operations
throughout the battlespace. The nature of these operations will be fluid as the
threat will conform methods and means to advantage opportunities as they
present themselves. The Threat will also seek to neutralize US advantages by
adopting tactics, techniques and procedures that create a level playing field.
The Threat will employ a defensive strategy of preserving military capability
while inflicting as much damage as possible on US Forces.

U.S. forces will have to be adaptive and flexible; able to maximize their
capabilities improvise to deal with unforeseen threats and possibilities. To
address these challenges and remain the world's dominant land force, the
Army must develop new, adaptive and innovative capabilities. These
capabilities must be built around full spectrum utility, advances in information
technology, technologically assisted human potential, strategic responsiveness,
and joint interoperability.

The New Operational Environment presents a much broader set of
challenges to US Forces . These challenges are not mission
dependent . They impact across the full spectrum of conflict .

NOE and the

NOE process
at CMTC Today

Complex Urbai
Environments

CMTC MEL
NOE process

Local Population/COB

Insurgents/Rebels

The New CMTC Operational

Environment

UAVs Fr end & F

NOE Genesis

NOE Defined

Dispersed Mobile Formations
Precision Fires (GPS/ISR)
Guerilla/Irregular/Para-Military (Ur|>
0 IMI isr / UAV (Access to Space)

ISI Q Sophisticated AmlJClk Mines
0 ® Aviation IT71

Special Polic
rorist

a:

at CMTC Tomorrow

finht.l